IoT Design with Cypress PSoC® 6 MCUs and Wi-Fi/Bluetooth using Arm® Mbed™

You can “mbed import https://github.com/iotexpert/mouser-mbed-09.git“ to make a copy of the project in your workspace.

The final architecture of the thermostat looks like this.

Summary

In Lesson 04 I will add temperature sensing to the system.

The new thread called “temperatureThread” acts as the actual guts of the thermostat.  It reads the temperature sensor, keeps track of the setPoint of the system and turns on and off Heat and Cooling.  Notice that it doesn’t know anything about displaying information,  it just uses the functions calls we created for the displayThread.

To implement this I will:

1. Explain Thermistors
2. Import lesson03
3. Create and code temperatureThread.h
4. Create and code temperatureThread.cpp
5. Fix blinkThread.cpp
6. Update main.cpp
7. Build, Program and Test

Thermistor

On the wing of the CY8CPROTO-062-4343W there is a thermistor that you can use to measure temperature.   What is a thermistor?  It is simply a resistor that changes resistance in a known way based on temperature.

If you know the resistance you can calculate the temperature using the Steinhart-Hart equation.  Here is the Thermistor Wikipedia article.

When you look at the schematic for the development kit you can see how the circuit is attached to the PSoC.

Basically, a known 10K resistor in series with the thermistor with a measurement point between them.  To calculate the resistance of the thermistor you use Ohms low, V=IR.  Or even better R=V/I.

To use this circuit you need to assign a voltage to the THERM_VDD, use a DigialOut to drive 3.3v to that signal and a DigialOut to drive ground to the THERM_GND.

Then use the ADC to find the voltage for THERM_OUT

To do the calculation, first the Thermistor voltage is THERM_VDD-THERM_OUT.

Then you need to get the current.  To do this you calculate the current through the reference resistor I=V/R or I=(THERM_OUT/10K).  This will be the same current as the Thermistor.

Now you can calculate the thermistor resistance.

Here is a picture of the thermistor on the board.

Here is the code that implements the thermistor measurement.

static DigitalOut thermVDD(P10_3,1);
static DigitalOut thermGND(P10_0,0);
static AnalogIn thermOut(P10_1);

static void readTemp()
{
    float refVoltage = thermOut.read() * 2.4; // Range of ADC 0->2*Vref
    float refCurrent = refVoltage  / 10000.0; // 10k Reference Resistor
    float thermVoltage = 3.3 - refVoltage;    // Assume supply voltage is 3.3v
    float thermResistance = thermVoltage / refCurrent; 
    float logrT = (float32_t)log((float64_t)thermResistance);

    /* Calculate temperature from the resistance of thermistor using Steinhart-Hart Equation */
    float stEqn = (float32_t)((0.0009032679) + ((0.000248772) * logrT) + 
                             ((2.041094E-07) * pow((float64)logrT, (float32)3)));

    float temperatureC = (float32_t)(((1.0 / stEqn) - 273.15)  + 0.5);
    temperatureF = (temperatureC * 9.0/5.0) + 32;
}

Import Lesson 03

To build the project, start by importing Lesson 03:

https://github.com/iotexpert/mouser-mbed-03.git

Give it a new name of “mouser-mbed-04”:

Create and code temperatureThread.h

As before we want a thread for the temperature system called “temperatureThread.h”.  Create the “dot h”:

This file will just declare the thread and interface functions.

#ifndef TEMPERATURE_H
#define TEMPERATURE_H

void temperatureThread();

void tempSendUpdateSetpointF(float setPoint);
void tempSendDeltaSetpointF(float delta);


#endif

Create and code temperatureThread.cpp

Now we need the actual thread.  Make the new file “temperatureThread.cpp”

This thread will have two state variables.  One for temperatureF and one for the setPoint of the thermostat.

This thread will also have a queue just like the displayThread.  This queue will be used to let other parts of the system change the setPoint. One command to make a “delta” change  e.g. “go up 1 degree” and one command to make an absolute change e.g “set to 78 degrees”

#include "mbed.h"
#include "temperatureThread.h"
#include "displayThread.h"

static float temperatureF;
static float setPoint = 75.0;

static void readTemp();

typedef enum {
    CMD_setPointDelta,
    CMD_setPoint,

} command_t;


typedef struct {
    command_t cmd;
    float    value;   /* AD result of measured voltage */
} msg_t;

As before to make things easier for the other parts of the system to send messages to the queue, I create functions to send the two commands.

void tempSendDeltaSetpointF(float delta)
{
    msg_t *message = mpool.alloc();
    if(message)
    {
        message->cmd = CMD_setPointDelta;
        message->value = delta;
        queue.put(message);
    }
}

void tempSendUpdateSetpointF(float setPoint)
{
    msg_t *message = mpool.alloc();
    if(message)
    {
        message->cmd = CMD_setPoint;
        message->value = setPoint;
        queue.put(message);
    }
}

Now you need the function to read the temperature and update the state variable temperatureF

static DigitalOut thermVDD(P10_3,1);
static DigitalOut thermGND(P10_0,0);
static AnalogIn thermOut(P10_1);

static void readTemp()
{
    float refVoltage = thermOut.read() * 2.4; // Range of ADC 0->2*Vref
    float refCurrent = refVoltage  / 10000.0; // 10k Reference Resistor
    float thermVoltage = 3.3 - refVoltage;    // Assume supply voltage is 3.3v
    float thermResistance = thermVoltage / refCurrent; 
    float logrT = (float32_t)log((float64_t)thermResistance);

    /* Calculate temperature from the resistance of thermistor using Steinhart-Hart Equation */
    float stEqn = (float32_t)((0.0009032679) + ((0.000248772) * logrT) + 
                             ((2.041094E-07) * pow((float64)logrT, (float32)3)));

    float temperatureC = (float32_t)(((1.0 / stEqn) - 273.15)  + 0.5);
    temperatureF = (temperatureC * 9.0/5.0) + 32;
}

The temperatureThread listens for messages to be put into the queue.  It then processes them by either increment/decrement of the setPoint or by setting an absolute setPoint.

Also, the queue wait will timeout every 200ms and when that happens it will read the temperature and update the display.

It will also send the cool, heat or off based on a +- 0.5 degree difference from the setPoint.  In other words:

• temperatureF > setPoint + 0.5 = cool
• temperatureF < setPoint -0.5 = heat
• Otherwise OFF

void temperatureThread()
{

    char buffer[128];
    displaySendUpdateTemp(temperatureF);
    displaySendUpdateSetPoint(setPoint);
    
    while(1)
    {
        osEvent evt = queue.get(200);
        if (evt.status == osEventMessage) {
            msg_t *message = (msg_t*)evt.value.p;
            switch(message->cmd)
            {
                case CMD_setPointDelta:
                    setPoint += message->value;
                    displaySendSetPoint(setPoint);
                break;
                case CMD_setPoint:
                    setPoint = message->value;
                    displaySendUpdateSetPoint(setPoint);
                break;

            }
            mpool.free(message);

        }
        else
        {
            readTemp();

            // Control the HVAC system with +- 0.5 degree of Hystersis
            if(temperatureF < setPoint - 0.5)
                displaySendUpdateMode(-1.0);
            else if (temperatureF > setPoint + 0.5)
                displaySendUpdateMode(1.0);
            else
                displaySendUpdateMode(0.0);

            displaySendUpdateTemp(temperatureF); 
        }
    }

}

The whole file (to make the copy/paste easier):

#include "mbed.h"
#include "temperatureThread.h"
#include "displayThread.h"

static float temperatureF;
static float setPoint = 75.0;

static void readTemp();

typedef enum {
    CMD_setPointDelta,
    CMD_setPoint,

} command_t;


typedef struct {
    command_t cmd;
    float    value;   /* AD result of measured voltage */
} msg_t;


static Queue<msg_t, 32> queue;
static MemoryPool<msg_t, 16> mpool;

void tempSendDeltaSetpointF(float delta)
{
    msg_t *message = mpool.alloc();
    if(message)
    {
        message->cmd = CMD_setPointDelta;
        message->value = delta;
        queue.put(message);
    }
}

void tempSendUpdateSetpointF(float setPoint)
{
    msg_t *message = mpool.alloc();
    if(message)
    {
        message->cmd = CMD_setPoint;
        message->value = setPoint;
        queue.put(message);
    }
}

void temperatureThread()
{

    char buffer[128];
    displaySendUpdateTemp(temperatureF);
    displaySendUpdateSetPoint(setPoint);
    
    while(1)
    {
        osEvent evt = queue.get(200);
        if (evt.status == osEventMessage) {
            msg_t *message = (msg_t*)evt.value.p;
            switch(message->cmd)
            {
                case CMD_setPointDelta:
                    setPoint += message->value;
                    displaySendUpdateSetPoint(setPoint);
                break;
                case CMD_setPoint:
                    setPoint = message->value;
                    displaySendUpdateSetPoint(setPoint);
                break;

            }
            mpool.free(message);

        }
        else
        {
            readTemp();

            // Control the HVAC system with +- 0.5 degree of Hystersis
            if(temperatureF < setPoint - 0.5)
                displaySendUpdateMode(-1.0);
            else if (temperatureF > setPoint + 0.5)
                displaySendUpdateMode(1.0);
            else
                displaySendUpdateMode(0.0);

            displaySendUpdateTemp(temperatureF); 
        }
    }

}


static DigitalOut thermVDD(P10_3,1);
static DigitalOut thermGND(P10_0,0);
static AnalogIn thermOut(P10_1);

static void readTemp()
{
    float refVoltage = thermOut.read() * 2.4; // Range of ADC 0->2*Vref
    float refCurrent = refVoltage  / 10000.0; // 10k Reference Resistor
    float thermVoltage = 3.3 - refVoltage;    // Assume supply voltage is 3.3v
    float thermResistance = thermVoltage / refCurrent; 
    float logrT = (float32_t)log((float64_t)thermResistance);

    /* Calculate temperature from the resistance of thermistor using Steinhart-Hart Equation */
    float stEqn = (float32_t)((0.0009032679) + ((0.000248772) * logrT) + 
                             ((2.041094E-07) * pow((float64)logrT, (float32)3)));

    float temperatureC = (float32_t)(((1.0 / stEqn) - 273.15)  + 0.5);
    temperatureF = (temperatureC * 9.0/5.0) + 32;
}

Fix blinkThread.cpp

Now edit the blinkThread.cpp to remove the test code from Lesson 03:

#include "mbed.h"
#include "blinkThread.h"
#include "displayThread.h"

static DigitalOut led1(LED1);

void blinkThread()
{
 
    while (true) 
    {
        led1 = !led1;
        displaySendUpdateTime();
        ThisThread::sleep_for(500);

    }
}

Update main.cpp

Then update main.cpp to start the new temperatureThread:

#include "mbed.h"
#include "blinkThread.h"
#include "displayThread.h"
#include "temperatureThread.h"

Thread blinkThreadHandle;
Thread displayThreadHandle;
Thread temperatureThreadHandle;

int main()
{

    printf("Started System\n");

    blinkThreadHandle.start(blinkThread);
    displayThreadHandle.start(displayThread);
    temperatureThreadHandle.start(temperatureThread);

}

Build, Program and Test

When you program the development kit you should be able to change the temperature by putting your finger on the thermistor:

And your terminal should look something like this:

IoT Design with Cypress PSoC® 6 MCUs and Wi-Fi/Bluetooth using Arm® Mbed™

You can “mbed import https://github.com/iotexpert/mouser-mbed-09.git“ to make a copy of the project in your workspace.

The final architecture of the thermostat looks like this.

Summary

I don’t know about you guys, but it annoys me every time I see that the clock isn’t set.  In this lesson we will start the IoT-ifying of this system by attaching it to WiFi and getting the network time.

Inside of the PSoC is a RealTime clock that is driven by the crystal oscillator on the board.  However, “What time is it?”  turns out to be a pretty simple question to answer if you are attached to the network.  You find out using an NTP server.  This lesson will attach to WiFi, and then every 5 minutes go get the UTC time from an NTP server.

To implement this I will

1. Import lesson05
2. Add the NTP Server Library
3. Create & Code ntpThread.h
4. Create & Code ntpThread.cpp
5. Update main.cpp
6. Build, Program and Test

Import lesson05

First import the Lesson 05 to create a new project.

https://github.com/iotexpert/mouser-mbed-05.git

Add the NTP Server Library

For this lesson I will use a library that knows how to talk to an NTP server using a TCP socket.  To get this library click on the libraries tab and press “+”

Now provide the path to the library.

https://github.com/ARMmbed/ntp-client

Use the master branch:

Create & Code ntpThread.h

As always I am going to run the NTP Client in a thread.  This thread will be called “ntpThread”:

There is nothing to this but the function definition:

#ifndef NTP_THREAD_H
#define NTP_THREAD_H
void ntpThread();

#endif

Create & Code ntpThread.cpp

Next create the actual thread code:

This code will need to include the ntp-client library.  Then I do something semi-evil by making an external reference to the WiFiInterface which will be declared in main.cpp.

Finally I will poll the NTP server every 5 minutes.  Notice that if the thing fails it tries again in 10 seconds.  When I get the time I write it into the RTC using the standard-C set_time function.  This function was connected by Cypress to the RTC hardware in the PSoC 6.

#include "mbed.h"
#include "ntp-client/NTPClient.h"

extern WiFiInterface *wifi;


void ntpThread()
{
    NTPClient ntpclient(wifi);
 
    uint32_t sleepTime = 1000 * 60 * 5 ; // 5 minutes
    while(1)
    {

        if(wifi->get_connection_status() == NSAPI_STATUS_GLOBAL_UP)
        {
            time_t timestamp = ntpclient.get_timestamp();
            if (timestamp < 0) {
                sleepTime = 1000 * 10 ; // 10 seconds
            } 
            else 
            {
                set_time(timestamp);
                sleepTime = 1000 * 60 * 5 ; // 5 minutes

            }
        }
        ThisThread::sleep_for(sleepTime); // Goto the NTP server every 5 minutes
    }
}

Update main.cpp

Now I need to update main.cpp.  This time is a little bit different since I need to setup a connection to the WiFi network.  I start by getting a pointer to the WiFi in the system and then connecting before I start all of the threads.

Notice that I hard-coded the SSID and Password.  I also try again until I have a WiFi connection.

The rest of main.cpp is normal.

#include "mbed.h"
#include "blinkThread.h"
#include "displayThread.h"
#include "temperatureThread.h"
#include "capsenseThread.h"
#include "ntpThread.h"

Thread blinkThreadHandle;
Thread displayThreadHandle;
Thread temperatureThreadHandle;
Thread capsenseThreadHandle;
Thread ntpThreadHandle;

WiFiInterface *wifi;

int main()
{

    printf("Started System\n");

    int ret;
    wifi = WiFiInterface::get_default_instance();

    do {
            ret = wifi->connect("CYFI_IOT_EXT", "cypresswicedwifi101", NSAPI_SECURITY_WPA_WPA2);
            if (ret != 0) {
            ThisThread::sleep_for(2000); // If for some reason it doesnt work wait 2s and try again
            }
    } while(ret !=0);


    ntpThreadHandle.start(ntpThread);
    blinkThreadHandle.start(blinkThread);
    displayThreadHandle.start(displayThread);
    temperatureThreadHandle.start(temperatureThread);
    capsenseThreadHandle.start(capsenseThread);
    
}

Build, Program and Test

Now when I program this version, after 10 seconds or so, my time is updated… how cool is that?

IoT Design with Cypress PSoC® 6 MCUs and Wi-Fi/Bluetooth using Arm® Mbed™

You can “mbed import https://github.com/iotexpert/mouser-mbed-09.git“ to make a copy of the project in your workspace.

The final architecture of the thermostat looks like this.

Summary

In Lesson 05 we will add a CapSense GUI to enable the user to change the setPoint of the thermostat.

Specifically I will create a new Thread called “CapSense Thread” which will read the state of the CapSense Buttons and send messages to the temperatureThread.

To implement this I will:

1. Import Lesson 04
2. Add the Cypress CapSense library
3. Run the CapsSense configurator
4. Create and code capsenseThread.h
5. Create and code capsenseThread.cpp
6. Update main.cpp
7. Build, Program and Test

Import Lesson 04

First import Lesson 04 and call your new project “mouser-mbed-05”

https://github.com/iotexpert/mouser-mbed-04.git

Add the Cypress CapSense library

In order to use the CapSense library you will need to import it from the Cypress GitHub site.  To do this we will use the Mbed Studio Library manager.  Click on the “Libraries” tab. Then press the “+” button to add a new library.

Give the Library manager the URL to the Cypress CapSense library:

https://github.com/cypresssemiconductorco/capsense.git

Specify that you want your library to point to the master branch.

Once that is done your library screen should look something like this.  When I took this screen shot I noticed that I was on the old version of mbed-os so I pressed the update button.

Now both libraries are at the latest version.

Run the CapSense Configurator

First, lets run the CapSense configurator to look at the CapSense configuration.  You can find it in ModusToolbox/tools_2.0/capsense_configurator. Then use file>open to open the Target’s CapSense configuration file from targets/TARGET_Cypress/TARGET_PSOC6/TARGET_CY8PROTO_062_4343w/COMPONENT_BSP_DESIGN_MODUS/design.cycapsense.

Here is the advanced tab:

The BSP/Target as delivered inside of Mbed OS does not have the generated source code required to run CapSense.  I could press save in the CapSense configurator GUI, but this would modify my version of Mbed OS.  I would rather add these files to the make project.  In order to get this code into my project I run the CapSense Configurator from the command line and tell to save the files locally.

• /Applications/ModusToolbox/tools_2.0/capsense-configurator/capsense-configurator-cli -c mbed-os/targets/TARGET_Cypress/TARGET_PSOC6/TARGET_CY8CKIT_062_WIFI_BT/COMPONENT_BSP_DESIGN_MODUS/design.cycapsense -o `pwd` -g

Here is what the output looks like:

Create and Code capsenseThread.h

As with all of the other lessons, I want a new thread called “capsenseThread”  Start by making the “dot h”

This will only have the capsenseThread function.

#ifndef CAPSENSE_THREAD_H
#define CAPSENSE_THREAD_H

void capsenseThread(void);

#endif

Create and code capsenseThread.cpp

Now make the cpp file.

The Cypress CapSense system is a combination of hardware and firmware.  It works by:

1. Initializing the Hardware
2. Initializing the Interrupt
3. Initializing the callback
4. Starting a scan (run the hardware block)
5. Processing the raw data when the scan is done and send a message
6. Starting another Scan

I got the basis for this code by using the CapSense example project that Cypress has posted on GitHub. You can find that code example at:

github.com/cypresssemiconductorco/mtb-example-psoc6-capsense-buttons-slider

Initializing the Hardware

    /* Configure AMUX bus for CapSense */
    init_cycfg_routing();
    /* Configure PERI clocks for CapSense */
    Cy_SysClk_PeriphAssignDivider(PCLK_CSD_CLOCK, CYBSP_CSD_CLK_DIV_HW, CYBSP_CSD_CLK_DIV_NUM);
    Cy_SysClk_PeriphDisableDivider(CYBSP_CSD_CLK_DIV_HW, CYBSP_CSD_CLK_DIV_NUM);
    Cy_SysClk_PeriphSetDivider(CYBSP_CSD_CLK_DIV_HW, CYBSP_CSD_CLK_DIV_NUM, 0u);
    Cy_SysClk_PeriphEnableDivider(CYBSP_CSD_CLK_DIV_HW, CYBSP_CSD_CLK_DIV_NUM);
    

    /* Initialize the CSD HW block to the default state. */
    Cy_CapSense_Init(&cy_capsense_context);

Initializing the Interrupt

This sets up the CapSense interrupt to work with the hardware block

    const cy_stc_sysint_t CapSense_ISR_cfg =
    {
        .intrSrc = CYBSP_CSD_IRQ,
        .intrPriority = 4u
    };
    /* Initialize CapSense interrupt */
    Cy_SysInt_Init(&CapSense_ISR_cfg, &CapSense_InterruptHandler);
    NVIC_ClearPendingIRQ(CapSense_ISR_cfg.intrSrc);
    NVIC_EnableIRQ(CapSense_ISR_cfg.intrSrc);

Initializing the callback

The callback is used to set the semaphore when the scan is done.

    /* Initialize the CapSense firmware modules. */
    Cy_CapSense_Enable(&cy_capsense_context);
    Cy_CapSense_RegisterCallback(CY_CAPSENSE_END_OF_SCAN_E, CapSenseEndOfScanCallback, &cy_capsense_context);

Starting a scan (run the hardware block)

    Cy_CapSense_ScanAllWidgets(&cy_capsense_context);  // Launch the initial scan   

Processing Raw Data when the scan completes, and Send Message

        if (CY_CAPSENSE_NOT_BUSY == Cy_CapSense_IsBusy(&cy_capsense_context))
        {
            Cy_CapSense_ProcessAllWidgets(&cy_capsense_context);
            uint32_t currBtn0Status = Cy_CapSense_IsSensorActive(CY_CAPSENSE_BUTTON0_WDGT_ID, CY_CAPSENSE_BUTTON0_SNS0_ID, &cy_capsense_context);        
            uint32_t currBtn1Status = Cy_CapSense_IsSensorActive(CY_CAPSENSE_BUTTON1_WDGT_ID, CY_CAPSENSE_BUTTON1_SNS0_ID, &cy_capsense_context);       

            if(currBtn0Status != prevBtn0Status && currBtn0Status==1 )
            {
                tempSendDeltaSetpointF(-0.1);
            }
            prevBtn0Status = currBtn0Status;
    
            if(currBtn1Status != prevBtn1Status && currBtn1Status == 1)
            {
                tempSendDeltaSetpointF(0.1);
            } 
            prevBtn1Status = currBtn1Status;

             
        } 

Starting another Scan

Cy_CapSense_ScanAllWidgets(&cy_capsense_context);

Here is the whole file:

#include "mbed.h"
#include "cy_pdl.h"
#include "cycfg_capsense.h"
#include "cycfg.h"
#include "temperatureThread.h"

static Semaphore capsense_sem;


/*****************************************************************************
* Function Name: CapSense_InterruptHandler()
******************************************************************************
* Summary:
*  Wrapper function for handling interrupts from CSD block.
*
*****************************************************************************/
static void CapSense_InterruptHandler(void)
{
    Cy_CapSense_InterruptHandler(CYBSP_CSD_HW, &cy_capsense_context);
}


/*****************************************************************************
* Function Name: CapSenseEndOfScanCallback()
******************************************************************************
* Summary:
*  This function releases a semaphore to indicate end of a CapSense scan.
*
* Parameters:
*  cy_stc_active_scan_sns_t* : pointer to active sensor details.
*
*****************************************************************************/
static void CapSenseEndOfScanCallback(cy_stc_active_scan_sns_t * ptrActiveScan)
{
    capsense_sem.release();
}


void capsenseThread(void)
{

    /* Configure AMUX bus for CapSense */
    init_cycfg_routing();
    /* Configure PERI clocks for CapSense */
    Cy_SysClk_PeriphAssignDivider(PCLK_CSD_CLOCK, CYBSP_CSD_CLK_DIV_HW, CYBSP_CSD_CLK_DIV_NUM);
    Cy_SysClk_PeriphDisableDivider(CYBSP_CSD_CLK_DIV_HW, CYBSP_CSD_CLK_DIV_NUM);
    Cy_SysClk_PeriphSetDivider(CYBSP_CSD_CLK_DIV_HW, CYBSP_CSD_CLK_DIV_NUM, 0u);
    Cy_SysClk_PeriphEnableDivider(CYBSP_CSD_CLK_DIV_HW, CYBSP_CSD_CLK_DIV_NUM);
    

    /* Initialize the CSD HW block to the default state. */
    Cy_CapSense_Init(&cy_capsense_context);

    const cy_stc_sysint_t CapSense_ISR_cfg =
    {
        .intrSrc = CYBSP_CSD_IRQ,
        .intrPriority = 4u
    };
    /* Initialize CapSense interrupt */
    Cy_SysInt_Init(&CapSense_ISR_cfg, &CapSense_InterruptHandler);
    NVIC_ClearPendingIRQ(CapSense_ISR_cfg.intrSrc);
    NVIC_EnableIRQ(CapSense_ISR_cfg.intrSrc);

    /* Initialize the CapSense firmware modules. */
    Cy_CapSense_Enable(&cy_capsense_context);
    Cy_CapSense_RegisterCallback(CY_CAPSENSE_END_OF_SCAN_E, CapSenseEndOfScanCallback, &cy_capsense_context);

    Cy_CapSense_ScanAllWidgets(&cy_capsense_context);  // Launch the initial scan   
    
    uint32_t prevBtn0Status = 0u; 
    uint32_t prevBtn1Status = 0u;
     
    while(1)
    {

        capsense_sem.acquire();
        if (CY_CAPSENSE_NOT_BUSY == Cy_CapSense_IsBusy(&cy_capsense_context))
        {
            Cy_CapSense_ProcessAllWidgets(&cy_capsense_context);
            uint32_t currBtn0Status = Cy_CapSense_IsSensorActive(CY_CAPSENSE_BUTTON0_WDGT_ID, CY_CAPSENSE_BUTTON0_SNS0_ID, &cy_capsense_context);        
            uint32_t currBtn1Status = Cy_CapSense_IsSensorActive(CY_CAPSENSE_BUTTON1_WDGT_ID, CY_CAPSENSE_BUTTON1_SNS0_ID, &cy_capsense_context);       

            if(currBtn0Status != prevBtn0Status && currBtn0Status==1 )
            {
                tempSendDeltaSetpointF(-0.1);
            }
            prevBtn0Status = currBtn0Status;
    
            if(currBtn1Status != prevBtn1Status && currBtn1Status == 1)
            {
                tempSendDeltaSetpointF(0.1);
            } 
            prevBtn1Status = currBtn1Status;

            Cy_CapSense_ScanAllWidgets(&cy_capsense_context);  
        } 

    }
}

Update main.cpp

Inside of the main.cpp I will make the usual changes to turn on the CapSense thread.

#include "mbed.h"
#include "blinkThread.h"
#include "displayThread.h"
#include "temperatureThread.h"
#include "capsenseThread.h"

Thread blinkThreadHandle;
Thread displayThreadHandle;
Thread temperatureThreadHandle;
Thread capsenseThreadHandle;

int main()
{

    printf("Started System\n");

    blinkThreadHandle.start(blinkThread);
    displayThreadHandle.start(displayThread);
    temperatureThreadHandle.start(temperatureThread);
    capsenseThreadHandle.start(capsenseThread);

}

Build, Program and Test

When I build, program and test I can see that by pressing the two CapSense Buttons I can raise and lower the setPoint.

IoT Design with Cypress PSoC® 6 MCUs and Wi-Fi/Bluetooth using Arm® Mbed™

You can “mbed import https://github.com/iotexpert/mouser-mbed-09.git“ to make a copy of the project in your workspace.

The final architecture of the thermostat looks like this.

Summary

This weekend as I was getting ready for the workshop, my son, Nicholas, was making fun of me for my user interface.  To fix this I decided to show how you could move platforms.  Specifically to the CY8CKIT-062-WiFi-BT which you can buy from mouser.com

You could literally just change the target and things would work… almost.  The one exception is that this development kit doesn’t have a thermistor.  So, I soldered a different kind of temperature sensor, called a TMP36, onto the kit which means I have to make a few small code updates to the temperatureThread.

In addition to changing to the TMP36 I will also use the TFT as a display for the system, so I need to modify the displayThread.

One of the major points that I wanted to make with this lesson is that if you design your code correctly, a change like this isn’t very hard.

To implement this I will:

1. Provide a TMP36 Temperature Sensor Tutorial
2. Modify the CY8CKIT-028-TFT
3. Import Lesson06
4. Update temperatureThread.cpp
5. Build, Program and Test
6. Add Segger emWin Library
7. Add IoTExpert CY8CKIT-028-TFT configuration
8. Update mbed_app.json to include driver
9. Update displayThread.cpp
10. Build, Program and Test

TMP36 Temperature Sensor

The TMP36 is a single wire temperature sensor that gives you a voltage that is directly proportional to the temperature.  Specifically, it is 10mV per degree C.

The Analog Devices TMP36 that I am using I bought here from mouser.com.  It looks like a little 3-wire transistor looking thing.

Here is a snapshot from the data sheet of the temperature voltage response

Yes I know that I am a digital guy, but for just three wires, signal, ground and power, it sure looks like there is a lot going on in the package.

The data sheet (which is actually really interesting)  gives you the parameters to make the linear equation for temperature

To calculate the temperature you just calculate:

T = (degree C/10mV) * V – 50 degree C

Here is the function to read the temperature:

static AnalogIn tmp36(A5);
static void readTemp()
{
    float volts;
    
    volts = tmp36.read() * 2.4;
    float temperatureC = 1/.01 * volts - 50.0;
    temperatureF = (temperatureC * 9.0/5.0) + 32;
}

Modify the CY8CKIT-028-TFT

Start this process by attaching the TMP36.  On the back of the CY8CKIT-028-TFT I solder three wires onto the temperature sensor.  One to 3.3v, one to ground and one to A5.  Here is the picture of my ugly ugly solder job.  Yes, that is duct-tape holding it onto the back of the shield.  And yes that is a prototype sticker.

I also remove the PDM microphone which is also attached to A5 (I’m not sure that it would cause a problem… but better safe than sorry)

Import Lesson06

Now, fix the code.  As always, start by importing the previous lesson.

https://github.com/iotexpert/mouser-mbed-06.git

Update temperatureThread.cpp

In order to switch between the thermistor and the TMP36 I create two #defines based on the target that is currently active.  This is cool because the Mbed OS creates these #defines automatically.

#ifdef TARGET_CY8CPROTO_062_4343W
#define THERMISTOR
#endif

#ifdef TARGET_CY8CKIT_062_WIFI_BT
#define TMP36
#endif

There are a bunch of ways that could have been done, including with the Mbed configuration system which you control with the mbed_app.json.  But this was expedient.

Next, I create the code to measure the temperature using the AnalogIn object. Notice that it is connected to the Arduino A5 pin. Also notice that when the TMP36 is active I have a different readTemp function so I don’t need to change anything else to get the temperature.

#ifdef TMP36
static AnalogIn tmp36(A5);
static void readTemp()
{
    float volts;
    
    volts = tmp36.read() * 2.4;
    float temperatureC = 1/.01 * volts - 50.0; // from the data sheet
    temperatureF = (temperatureC * 9.0/5.0) + 32; // conver to F
}
#endif

Then I update the thermistor readTemp function with the THERMISTOR #define

#ifdef THERMISTOR
static DigitalOut thermVDD(P10_3,1);
static DigitalOut thermGND(P10_0,0);
static AnalogIn thermOut(P10_1);

static void readTemp()
{
    float refVoltage = thermOut.read() * 2.4; // Range of ADC 0->2*Vref
    float refCurrent = refVoltage  / 10000.0; // 10k Reference Resistor
    float thermVoltage = 3.3 - refVoltage;    // Assume supply voltage is 3.3v
    float thermResistance = thermVoltage / refCurrent; 
    float logrT = (float32_t)log((float64_t)thermResistance);

    /* Calculate temperature from the resistance of thermistor using Steinhart-Hart Equation */
    float stEqn = (float32_t)((0.0009032679) + ((0.000248772) * logrT) + 
                             ((2.041094E-07) * pow((float64)logrT, (float32)3)));

    float temperatureC = (float32_t)(((1.0 / stEqn) - 273.15)  + 0.5);
    temperatureF = (temperatureC * 9.0/5.0) + 32;
}
#endif

Here is the whole file:

#include "mbed.h"
#include "temperatureThread.h"
#include "displayThread.h"


#ifdef TARGET_CY8CPROTO_062_4343W
#define THERMISTOR
#endif

#ifdef TARGET_CY8CKIT_062_WIFI_BT
#define TMP36
#endif


static float temperatureF;
static float setPoint = 75.0;

static void readTemp();

typedef enum {
    CMD_setPointDelta,
    CMD_setPoint,

} command_t;


typedef struct {
    command_t cmd;
    float    value;   /* AD result of measured voltage */
} msg_t;


static Queue<msg_t, 32> queue;
static MemoryPool<msg_t, 16> mpool;

void tempSendDeltaSetpointF(float delta)
{
    msg_t *message = mpool.alloc();
    if(message)
    {
        message->cmd = CMD_setPointDelta;
        message->value = delta;
        queue.put(message);
    }
}

void tempSendUpdateCurrentSetPointF(float setPoint)
{
    msg_t *message = mpool.alloc();
    if(message)
    {
        message->cmd = CMD_setPoint;
        message->value = setPoint;
        queue.put(message);
    }
}

void temperatureThread()
{

    char buffer[128];
    displaySendUpdateTemp(temperatureF);
    displaySendUpdateSetPoint(setPoint);
    
    while(1)
    {
        osEvent evt = queue.get(200);
        if (evt.status == osEventMessage) {
            msg_t *message = (msg_t*)evt.value.p;
            switch(message->cmd)
            {
                case CMD_setPointDelta:
                    setPoint += message->value;
                    displaySendUpdateSetPoint(setPoint);
                break;
                case CMD_setPoint:
                    setPoint = message->value;
                    displaySendUpdateSetPoint(setPoint);
                break;

            }
            mpool.free(message);

        }
        else
        {
            readTemp();

            // Control the HVAC system with +- 0.5 degree of Hystersis
            if(temperatureF < setPoint - 0.5)
                displaySendUpdateMode(-1.0);
            else if (temperatureF > setPoint + 0.5)
                displaySendUpdateMode(1.0);
            else
                displaySendUpdateMode(0.0);

            displaySendUpdateTemp(temperatureF);
        
        }
    }

}


#ifdef THERMISTOR
static DigitalOut thermVDD(P10_3,1);
static DigitalOut thermGND(P10_0,0);
static AnalogIn thermOut(P10_1);

static void readTemp()
{
    float refVoltage = thermOut.read() * 2.4; // Range of ADC 0->2*Vref
    float refCurrent = refVoltage  / 10000.0; // 10k Reference Resistor
    float thermVoltage = 3.3 - refVoltage;    // Assume supply voltage is 3.3v
    float thermResistance = thermVoltage / refCurrent; 
    float logrT = (float32_t)log((float64_t)thermResistance);

    /* Calculate temperature from the resistance of thermistor using Steinhart-Hart Equation */
    float stEqn = (float32_t)((0.0009032679) + ((0.000248772) * logrT) + 
                             ((2.041094E-07) * pow((float64)logrT, (float32)3)));

    float temperatureC = (float32_t)(((1.0 / stEqn) - 273.15)  + 0.5);
    temperatureF = (temperatureC * 9.0/5.0) + 32;
}
#endif

#ifdef TMP36
static AnalogIn tmp36(A5);
static void readTemp()
{
    float volts;
    
    volts = tmp36.read() * 2.4;
    float temperatureC = 1/.01 * volts - 50.0;
    temperatureF = (temperatureC * 9.0/5.0) + 32;
}
#endif

Build, Program and Test

With that little update I can now build, program and test. Notice that my display is still working… and I can change the temperature by holding the TMP36 between my fingers.

Add Segger emWin Library

But, I haven’t really addressed Nicholas’ complaint, the GUI.  To do this I am going to use the Segger emWin library to control the TFT display.  Go to the library manager and add the library.

https://github.com/cypresssemiconductorco/emwin.git

Use the master branch:

Add IoTExpert CY8CKIT-028-TFT configuration

The emWin library doesn’t know anything about how the TFT is attached.  So, I created a driver library which you can use for all of the Cypress development kits.

https://github.com/iotexpert/mbed-os-emwin-st7789v.git

Use the master branch:

Now your libraries should look like this.

Update mbed_app.json to include emWin Driver

In order to use this driver you need to tell Mbed OS to add the correct archive file.  To do this update mbed_app.json

{
    "target_overrides": {
        "*": {
            "target.components_add": ["EMWIN_OSNTS"],
            "platform.stdio-baud-rate": 115200
        }
    }
}

Update displayThread.cpp

Finally update the displayThread.  Start by adding the include for the Segger library.

#ifdef TARGET_CY8CKIT_062_WIFI_BT
#include "GUI.h"
#endif

Then update the displayAtXY function to also print on the display.  By doing it here I don’t have to change anything else in the code because this is the only function that draws on the screen.

static void displayAtXY(int x, int y,char *buffer)
{
    #ifdef TARGET_CY8CKIT_062_WIFI_BT
    GUI_SetTextAlign(GUI_TA_LEFT);
    GUI_DispStringAt(buffer,(x-1)*8,(y-1)*16); // 8x16 font
    #endif
    // row column
    printf("3[%d;%dH%s",y,x,buffer);
    fflush(stdout);
}

Update the main thread to initialize the display when the thread starts.

void displayThread()
{
    char buffer[128];

    printf("3[2J3[H"); // Clear Screen and go Home
    printf("3[?25l"); // Turn the cursor off
    fflush(stdout);

    #ifdef TARGET_CY8CKIT_062_WIFI_BT
        GUI_Init();
        GUI_SetColor(GUI_WHITE);
        GUI_SetBkColor(GUI_BLACK);
        GUI_SetFont(GUI_FONT_8X16_1);
    #endif

Build, Program and Test

When you program, now you should have a TFT display.  Happy Nicholas?

IoT Design with Cypress PSoC® 6 MCUs and Wi-Fi/Bluetooth using Arm® Mbed™

You can “mbed import https://github.com/iotexpert/mouser-mbed-09.git“ to make a copy of the project in your workspace.

The final architecture of the thermostat looks like this.

Summary

In this lesson we will plumb in the ability to talk to the Amazon Web Services MQTT broker.  Specifically to publish messages from the broker to change the setPoint of the thermostat.

To implement this I will:

1. Discuss MQTT
2. Import Lesson 07
3. Add the Cypress AWS IoT Middleware
4. Add the Cypress Connectivity Utilities Library
5. Create an AWS Policy, Thing, and Certificate
6. Modify the keys to “C” format
7. Create and Code awsThread.h
8. Create and Code awsThread.cpp
9. Update main.cpp
10. Build, Program and Test

MQTT

There are five basic ideas that you need to understand when using MQTT.

• (Message) Broker
• Topic
• Subscriber
• Publisher
• Messages

The Broker is a TCP/IP server sitting at the middle of an MQTT network.  It is responsible for receiving Messages from Publishers and forwarding them on to Subscribers.  A broker can run multiple simultaneous communication channels called Topics.

Topics are ad-hoc (application semantics) and are just a string of characters … like “setPoint” or “thing/setPoint”

Messages are just a string of bytes.  Typically formatted as JSON.  This is by convention and is not a requirement.

MQTT clients can be Publishers or Subscribers or both.

Import Lesson 07

Start by importing Lesson 07.

https://github.com/iotexpert/mouser-mbed-07.git

Add the Cypress AWS IoT Middleware

Cypress has built a library which will help you manage connections to AWS.  We call it the aws IoT middleware library.  Go to the library manager and add it:

• https://github.com/cypresssemiconductorco/aws-iot.git

Use the master branch:

Add the Cypress Connectivity Utilities Library

The AWS IoT library needs to use another library of connectivity functions.  Add it:

• https://github.com/cypresssemiconductorco/connectivity-utilities.git

Select the master branch:

Create an AWS Policy, Thing, and Certificate

In order to make a connection to AWS you need to have a policy attached to a certificate.  In addition it makes sense to have an AWS “Thing” to represent your system.

Start from the AWS Console and press “Secure->Policies”.  Then press “Create”

Give your policy a name.  Add all “iot:*” and all resource and “allow”.  Then press “Create”:

Once the policy is created you will see it in the catalog:

Create a new Thing by clicking “Manage -> Things”.  Then click “Create””

Press “Create a single thing”:

First give your thing a name (in this case mouser) then click “Next”:

Click “Create certificate”

You MUST DOWNLOAD these files now.  You will not be given another chance. Press activate:

Which will show the certificate as active.  Next press “attach a policy”:

Then pick the Mouser policy:

Now you have your new “Thing”.

Modify the keys to “C” Format

In order to make a connection to AWS you need a valid certificate, the private key that goes with the certificate and the CA certificate of AWS.    You just created these files in the previous step.

These keys come looking like this:

-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----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-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----

But you need them to look like this so that they can be read in by the Mbed TLS library.

// Private key
const char SSL_CLIENTKEY_PEM[] = \
"-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----\n"\
"MIIEpQIBAAKCAQEAsRLypD2uhZNZgtfPAuX8M3ZFNYcBU/BHulG9CJrETKwmjXOV\n"\
"j1l9U/Tlu3p/hGIFEhrkbqt1SGvPEj8x7U5kyCpJde1JojObW4m2S5T7WuXxd5JQ\n"\
"Y+rqWkyrvwp/1HPFLRB3n3OopGaUcnEZwegsMznUcsi+kZwrUDkqBWFIQbEEKjW8\n"\
"UzZxqmbmNSCsJQXHCv9OPrKdeisBnkQrpRkTz4uSG3yZI6jG7acx3UZkMcc6DvDo\n"\
"bbz8PoBisZq4JcKthwpQdiV1RdS4aqCc0wq5Jv7DvhifqNcrOK3PT+zkck82jqIC\n"\
"VDd58NkY6Y0URIyqjPCPPIltCbrAB/+u41rrtQIDAQABAoIBAQCQAhvprOxpX+u1\n"\
"OLP35HjWlYI1xSU0Ub7T7bPx8oRg4sS711uz6JC/nfTUIwzf6iO7lLlgs/q/OkZ+\n"\
"zXxaRZ47GAEEckWnL5dSu83Q7En7o/RcTVcp25xace5fgTdy3fBm9PSEbjih83cZ\n"\
"F5heFecUhhyceVxa6YpkRQlCtNph6SwFfsY1BmfhHISHh4U7XYityUatdalQfOtL\n"\
"Vf79TRIE/X1aX/H/xXYsqNQPCSGUzNj1BU5aHOM93B+hNg8q1t+Ze5w6Q/HkMBTb\n"\
"5VPI8fabvaAV6WUrrWtEl8ErcokutYWNRadXH0ieCGiuI2uoK0qqgrBb2MwZwv81\n"\
"ZtzCm3QlAoGBAOj5zlZtcWN5Mfb9PHonPSwFPE4pud2fZCJjO9btQWb6ELYwp9qW\n"\
"2aRaoaQm9bA7pTwMaSRQYGC9eKPu8hu+cqPXJZ1gg1GrYP+IfJMChDAM0x7Faks4\n"\
"B7ZDjfQlRGUJGAkqLQ4/4+k2y75KtZdnri5Z40myh4f0+PuiDDRwPcGjAoGBAMKS\n"\
"2VuNefMvzqKW7g/drRLzChudUL96r2BWI8nkl7S9UChtKVgdqJcrNSiKXbTv0wLn\n"\
"pWsnlOIxPVJAi1u5we045U+ZQadgIg4UqeIBVfRVKm4ZKrInSCT4uMriGDDJuvQl\n"\
"NXBv9PIX8WCaPWpG2rcsOFsi0mNBcImVHMAhc2LHAoGBAIk6k8Ku5opMWhT9J0Fg\n"\
"mZSzZMk5pMSZXXcv8pBv4gVRKMTYNhb4oixAQlQZqsBq8bJEMS51tb9l+4i8d5nF\n"\
"/WrqkLp5ngBeLV13PMGvSsOu2jCW4jx6PXirpBL6XKYSzDihwjZRheLaJvrosLwF\n"\
"E0E0K0A+y7xWnM5DrmK49nd3AoGAQdp70F24yZMDp8nXdu07F6/EWwZKfxQh6UQe\n"\
"RsWkhtqQF66ikJ0xI0DPdBIolwWYcGJAfVzfKhMqQv1vbTMYrJZWHjOrod+KhyN9\n"\
"P+3dzp1IiAzig3uCEmlP+fK95z1PljRFuvFZgNqTqnNpl9+1RMulo0rM1CUg1p/u\n"\
"JCTuLZ8CgYEAwUsBplIARj4i+hhyVWC1WOR+I4AqgRAauCwliO9gvToJzjkQsc5q\n"\
"RZxPbXLbm907wy6/7P/tKT20WhZ0b7szZsXchdeX20xSfAa4N0bJTZy3OiS0CYtF\n"\
"3+Xw1Mlu3Gihr89X9QeSot0tH9m6QZky032aLW/8jbNT3Eb49niqQZA=\n"\
"-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----";

There are a number of ways to change the format including manual editing.

For this lesson I put the keys into a file called “aws_config.h”  There are bunches of bad stories out there about people finding encryption keys on the internet (like these).  I am going to disable the keys as soon as this workshop is over, but you should be careful with yours.

Here is my aws_config.h

/* Change device certificate and device private key based on your account */
// certificate
const char SSL_CLIENTCERT_PEM[] =  \
"-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----\n\
MIIDWjCCAkKgAwIBAgIVAJ4u/gU7NxWiV2NwBRTFJk/mPPkvMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEB\n\
CwUAME0xSzBJBgNVBAsMQkFtYXpvbiBXZWIgU2VydmljZXMgTz1BbWF6b24uY29t\n\
IEluYy4gTD1TZWF0dGxlIFNUPVdhc2hpbmd0b24gQz1VUzAeFw0xOTA3MDMxMTM5\n\
MTZaFw00OTEyMzEyMzU5NTlaMB4xHDAaBgNVBAMME0FXUyBJb1QgQ2VydGlmaWNh\n\
dGUwggEiMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4IBDwAwggEKAoIBAQCxEvKkPa6Fk1mC188C\n\
5fwzdkU1hwFT8Ee6Ub0ImsRMrCaNc5WPWX1T9OW7en+EYgUSGuRuq3VIa88SPzHt\n\
TmTIKkl17UmiM5tbibZLlPta5fF3klBj6upaTKu/Cn/Uc8UtEHefc6ikZpRycRnB\n\
6CwzOdRyyL6RnCtQOSoFYUhBsQQqNbxTNnGqZuY1IKwlBccK/04+sp16KwGeRCul\n\
GRPPi5IbfJkjqMbtpzHdRmQxxzoO8OhtvPw+gGKxmrglwq2HClB2JXVF1LhqoJzT\n\
Crkm/sO+GJ+o1ys4rc9P7ORyTzaOogJUN3nw2RjpjRREjKqM8I88iW0JusAH/67j\n\
Wuu1AgMBAAGjYDBeMB8GA1UdIwQYMBaAFIJyQZprW3SRNIXe+X22/uZ6sdO9MB0G\n\
A1UdDgQWBBT+al32O2+dH5qoClpyEWRRoMk6oTAMBgNVHRMBAf8EAjAAMA4GA1Ud\n\
DwEB/wQEAwIHgDANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFAAOCAQEAoRg4QETRC1rMKJytxthLuGDj\n\
WtB9Zow3TONnq1HZ4yMUQFQeflYCZ96khBuWu91cj2iZengikEJkl+6HGCL+9ZKA\n\
ybWPRyQNvJQ13ju/iQyl89ZIbYh5UGmGrk6G8ryyvPezVP8AxpB5usz9YxTTz/m6\n\
eQMs38zUK5Dv4297NBJ6Xxwoqb8ivJkHEmnkDxKeErd4Qb7Q9ukWYlo5ksjqib8F\n\
NYTv8fhcx4S3UFhbNB+z/iaGtJXk7WIzgGpSX/CiRtGcV776c94LdgIfIZ9DpLgi\n\
GWSrCjsCr6yNtc708vwC+0jKoBcrk3HdVII2N4ciNuzJaoGyuHi+YuiXnO8kbg==\n\
-----END CERTIFICATE-----";

// Private key
const char SSL_CLIENTKEY_PEM[] = \
"-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----\n"\
"MIIEpQIBAAKCAQEAsRLypD2uhZNZgtfPAuX8M3ZFNYcBU/BHulG9CJrETKwmjXOV\n"\
"j1l9U/Tlu3p/hGIFEhrkbqt1SGvPEj8x7U5kyCpJde1JojObW4m2S5T7WuXxd5JQ\n"\
"Y+rqWkyrvwp/1HPFLRB3n3OopGaUcnEZwegsMznUcsi+kZwrUDkqBWFIQbEEKjW8\n"\
"UzZxqmbmNSCsJQXHCv9OPrKdeisBnkQrpRkTz4uSG3yZI6jG7acx3UZkMcc6DvDo\n"\
"bbz8PoBisZq4JcKthwpQdiV1RdS4aqCc0wq5Jv7DvhifqNcrOK3PT+zkck82jqIC\n"\
"VDd58NkY6Y0URIyqjPCPPIltCbrAB/+u41rrtQIDAQABAoIBAQCQAhvprOxpX+u1\n"\
"OLP35HjWlYI1xSU0Ub7T7bPx8oRg4sS711uz6JC/nfTUIwzf6iO7lLlgs/q/OkZ+\n"\
"zXxaRZ47GAEEckWnL5dSu83Q7En7o/RcTVcp25xace5fgTdy3fBm9PSEbjih83cZ\n"\
"F5heFecUhhyceVxa6YpkRQlCtNph6SwFfsY1BmfhHISHh4U7XYityUatdalQfOtL\n"\
"Vf79TRIE/X1aX/H/xXYsqNQPCSGUzNj1BU5aHOM93B+hNg8q1t+Ze5w6Q/HkMBTb\n"\
"5VPI8fabvaAV6WUrrWtEl8ErcokutYWNRadXH0ieCGiuI2uoK0qqgrBb2MwZwv81\n"\
"ZtzCm3QlAoGBAOj5zlZtcWN5Mfb9PHonPSwFPE4pud2fZCJjO9btQWb6ELYwp9qW\n"\
"2aRaoaQm9bA7pTwMaSRQYGC9eKPu8hu+cqPXJZ1gg1GrYP+IfJMChDAM0x7Faks4\n"\
"B7ZDjfQlRGUJGAkqLQ4/4+k2y75KtZdnri5Z40myh4f0+PuiDDRwPcGjAoGBAMKS\n"\
"2VuNefMvzqKW7g/drRLzChudUL96r2BWI8nkl7S9UChtKVgdqJcrNSiKXbTv0wLn\n"\
"pWsnlOIxPVJAi1u5we045U+ZQadgIg4UqeIBVfRVKm4ZKrInSCT4uMriGDDJuvQl\n"\
"NXBv9PIX8WCaPWpG2rcsOFsi0mNBcImVHMAhc2LHAoGBAIk6k8Ku5opMWhT9J0Fg\n"\
"mZSzZMk5pMSZXXcv8pBv4gVRKMTYNhb4oixAQlQZqsBq8bJEMS51tb9l+4i8d5nF\n"\
"/WrqkLp5ngBeLV13PMGvSsOu2jCW4jx6PXirpBL6XKYSzDihwjZRheLaJvrosLwF\n"\
"E0E0K0A+y7xWnM5DrmK49nd3AoGAQdp70F24yZMDp8nXdu07F6/EWwZKfxQh6UQe\n"\
"RsWkhtqQF66ikJ0xI0DPdBIolwWYcGJAfVzfKhMqQv1vbTMYrJZWHjOrod+KhyN9\n"\
"P+3dzp1IiAzig3uCEmlP+fK95z1PljRFuvFZgNqTqnNpl9+1RMulo0rM1CUg1p/u\n"\
"JCTuLZ8CgYEAwUsBplIARj4i+hhyVWC1WOR+I4AqgRAauCwliO9gvToJzjkQsc5q\n"\
"RZxPbXLbm907wy6/7P/tKT20WhZ0b7szZsXchdeX20xSfAa4N0bJTZy3OiS0CYtF\n"\
"3+Xw1Mlu3Gihr89X9QeSot0tH9m6QZky032aLW/8jbNT3Eb49niqQZA=\n"\
"-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----";


const char SSL_CA_PEM[] = \
"-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----\n"\
"MIIDQTCCAimgAwIBAgITBmyfz5m/jAo54vB4ikPmljZbyjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsF\n"\
"ADA5MQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzEPMA0GA1UEChMGQW1hem9uMRkwFwYDVQQDExBBbWF6\n"\
"b24gUm9vdCBDQSAxMB4XDTE1MDUyNjAwMDAwMFoXDTM4MDExNzAwMDAwMFowOTEL\n"\
"MAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxDzANBgNVBAoTBkFtYXpvbjEZMBcGA1UEAxMQQW1hem9uIFJv\n"\
"b3QgQ0EgMTCCASIwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADggEPADCCAQoCggEBALJ4gHHKeNXj\n"\
"ca9HgFB0fW7Y14h29Jlo91ghYPl0hAEvrAIthtOgQ3pOsqTQNroBvo3bSMgHFzZM\n"\
"9O6II8c+6zf1tRn4SWiw3te5djgdYZ6k/oI2peVKVuRF4fn9tBb6dNqcmzU5L/qw\n"\
"IFAGbHrQgLKm+a/sRxmPUDgH3KKHOVj4utWp+UhnMJbulHheb4mjUcAwhmahRWa6\n"\
"VOujw5H5SNz/0egwLX0tdHA114gk957EWW67c4cX8jJGKLhD+rcdqsq08p8kDi1L\n"\
"93FcXmn/6pUCyziKrlA4b9v7LWIbxcceVOF34GfID5yHI9Y/QCB/IIDEgEw+OyQm\n"\
"jgSubJrIqg0CAwEAAaNCMEAwDwYDVR0TAQH/BAUwAwEB/zAOBgNVHQ8BAf8EBAMC\n"\
"AYYwHQYDVR0OBBYEFIQYzIU07LwMlJQuCFmcx7IQTgoIMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUA\n"\
"A4IBAQCY8jdaQZChGsV2USggNiMOruYou6r4lK5IpDB/G/wkjUu0yKGX9rbxenDI\n"\
"U5PMCCjjmCXPI6T53iHTfIUJrU6adTrCC2qJeHZERxhlbI1Bjjt/msv0tadQ1wUs\n"\
"N+gDS63pYaACbvXy8MWy7Vu33PqUXHeeE6V/Uq2V8viTO96LXFvKWlJbYK8U90vv\n"\
"o/ufQJVtMVT8QtPHRh8jrdkPSHCa2XV4cdFyQzR1bldZwgJcJmApzyMZFo6IQ6XU\n"\
"5MsI+yMRQ+hDKXJioaldXgjUkK642M4UwtBV8ob2xJNDd2ZhwLnoQdeXeGADbkpy\n"\
"rqXRfboQnoZsG4q5WTP468SQvvG5\n"\
"-----END CERTIFICATE-----";

Create and Code awsThread.h

Now create a new header file for the awsThread:

This file just contains the thread function prototype.

#ifndef AWS_THREAD_H
#define AWS_THREAD_H

void awsThread(void);


#endif

Create and Code awsThread.cpp

Now create the awsThread.cpp file for the aws implementation:

The basis for this code is again taken from a code example that is provided by Cypress on GitHub. You can find that code example here:

github.com/cypresssemiconductorco/aws-iot

The awsThread starts with my evil extern.

Then I declare a function which is called when a message comes in from the MQTT broker.  I ASSUME that the message is an ASCII message formatted as %2.1f and I use sscanf to convert it to a float.  Many bugs have been made with this EXACT scheme.  It is expedient way to show people but it is a horrible habit.  I then send it to the temperature controller.

The main awsThread starts by initializing the AWS Client library, then connecting to AWS.  Lastly it subscribes to the setPoint topic.  Then it goes into an infinite loop calling the yield function which is responsible to listening to the aws MQTT socket and doing something with the data… specifically calling the callback.

#include "mbed.h"
#include "aws_client.h"
#include "aws_config.h"
#include "temperatureThread.h"

#define AWSIOT_ENDPOINT_ADDRESS             "a1c0l0bpd6pon3-ats.iot.us-east-2.amazonaws.com"


extern WiFiInterface *wifi;

static void messageArrived(aws_iot_message_t& md)
{
    float setPoint; 
    aws_message_t &message = md.message;
    sscanf((char*)message.payload,"%f",&setPoint);
    tempSendUpdateSetpointF(setPoint);
}

void awsThread(void)
{
    AWSIoTClient client;
    AWSIoTEndpoint* ep = NULL;

    /* Initialize AWS Client library */
    AWSIoTClient AWSClient(wifi, "thermostat" , SSL_CLIENTKEY_PEM, strlen(SSL_CLIENTKEY_PEM), SSL_CLIENTCERT_PEM, strlen(SSL_CLIENTCERT_PEM));

    aws_connect_params conn_params = { 0,0,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL };
    ep = AWSClient.create_endpoint(AWS_TRANSPORT_MQTT_NATIVE, AWSIOT_ENDPOINT_ADDRESS, 8883, SSL_CA_PEM, strlen(SSL_CA_PEM));

    /* set MQTT connection parameters */
    conn_params.username = NULL;
    conn_params.password = NULL;
    conn_params.keep_alive = 60;
    conn_params.peer_cn = (uint8_t*) AWSIOT_ENDPOINT_ADDRESS;
    conn_params.client_id = (uint8_t*)"thermostat";

    /* connect to an AWS endpoint */
    AWSClient.connect (ep, conn_params);
 
    AWSClient.subscribe(ep, "setPoint", AWS_QOS_ATMOST_ONCE, messageArrived);
    while(1)
    {
        AWSClient.yield(1000);
    }
}

Update main.cpp

The last step is to start up the awsThread in main:

#include "mbed.h"
#include "blinkThread.h"
#include "displayThread.h"
#include "temperatureThread.h"
#include "capsenseThread.h"
#include "ntpThread.h"
#include "awsThread.h"

Thread blinkThreadHandle;
Thread displayThreadHandle;
Thread temperatureThreadHandle;
Thread capsenseThreadHandle;
Thread ntpThreadHandle;
Thread awsThreadHandle;

WiFiInterface *wifi;

int main()
{

    printf("Started System\n");

    int ret;
    wifi = WiFiInterface::get_default_instance();

    do {
            ret = wifi->connect("CYFI_IOT_EXT", "cypresswicedwifi101", NSAPI_SECURITY_WPA_WPA2);
            if (ret != 0) {
            ThisThread::sleep_for(2000); // If for some reason it doesnt work wait 2s and try again
            }
    } while(ret !=0);


    ntpThreadHandle.start(ntpThread);
    blinkThreadHandle.start(blinkThread);
    displayThreadHandle.start(displayThread);
    temperatureThreadHandle.start(temperatureThread);
    capsenseThreadHandle.start(capsenseThread);
    awsThreadHandle.start(awsThread);
    
}

Build, Program and Test

When you build and program the development kit.  You will be able to publish messages to the “setPoint” topic which will then change the setPoint on your system.  Remember that my parser is really not safe so just send %2.1f.

In the case below you can see that I publish 51.1:

Which changes the setPoint on my board.

IoT Design with Cypress PSoC® 6 MCUs and Wi-Fi/Bluetooth using Arm® Mbed™

You can “mbed import https://github.com/iotexpert/mouser-mbed-09.git“ to make a copy of the project in your workspace.

The final architecture of the thermostat looks like this.

Summary

In the last lesson we added an MQTT subscription that let’s the AWS servers control the setPoint.  In this lesson we will update the system to send out the current temperature every second – which I know is excessive.

To make the temperature publish changes I need to modify the awsThread to have a queue/command scheme just like the displayThread and the temperatureThread.  Then I will modify the temperatureThread to send out temperature changes to the awsThread which will take care of publishing changes.

To implement this I will:

1. Import Lesson 08
2. Modify awsThread.h
3. Modify awsThread.cpp
4. Modify temperatureThread.cpp
5. Build, Program and Test

Import Lesson 09

Start by importing Lesson 08.

https://github.com/iotexpert/mouser-mbed-08.git

Modify awsThread.h

Add the function prototype for the other threads to queue temperature changes.

#ifndef AWS_THREAD_H
#define AWS_THREAD_H

void awsThread(void);
void awsSendUpdateTemperature(float temperature);

#endif

Modify awsThread.cpp

I will copy the scheme I built for the other threads.  There will be only one command, the one to send the temperature.

typedef enum {
    CMD_sendTemperature,
} command_t;

typedef struct {
    command_t cmd;
    float    value;   /* AD result of measured voltage */
} msg_t;


static Queue<msg_t, 32> queue;
static MemoryPool<msg_t, 16> mpool;

void awsSendUpdateTemperature(float temperature)
{
    msg_t *message = mpool.alloc();
    if(message)
    {
        message->cmd = CMD_sendTemperature;
        message->value = temperature;
        queue.put(message);
    }
}

Now I modify the main loop of the awsThread.  The AWSClient.yield function will time out every 1000ms which gives you the opportunity to do something.  That “something” is that I completely empty queue and then send the LAST update.

 bool doPublish=false;
    float currentTemp;
    while(1)
    {
        AWSClient.yield(1000);
        while(!queue.empty())
        {
            osEvent evt = queue.get(0);
            if (evt.status == osEventMessage) {
                msg_t *message = (msg_t*)evt.value.p;
                switch(message->cmd)
                {
                    case CMD_sendTemperature:
                        doPublish = true;
                        currentTemp = message->value;
                    break;

                }
                mpool.free(message);
            }
        }
        if(doPublish)
        {
            char buffer[128];
            sprintf(buffer,"%2.1f",currentTemp);
            AWSClient.publish(ep,"currentTemp", buffer, strlen(buffer),  publish_params);
        }
        doPublish = false;
    }

Here is the whole awsThread.cpp:

#include "mbed.h"
#include "aws_client.h"
#include "aws_config.h"
#include "temperatureThread.h"

#define AWSIOT_ENDPOINT_ADDRESS             "a1c0l0bpd6pon3-ats.iot.us-east-2.amazonaws.com"


extern WiFiInterface *wifi;

typedef enum {
    CMD_sendTemperature,
} command_t;

typedef struct {
    command_t cmd;
    float    value;   /* AD result of measured voltage */
} msg_t;


static Queue<msg_t, 32> queue;
static MemoryPool<msg_t, 16> mpool;

void awsSendUpdateTemperature(float temperature)
{
    msg_t *message = mpool.alloc();
    if(message)
    {
        message->cmd = CMD_sendTemperature;
        message->value = temperature;
        queue.put(message);
    }
}

void messageArrived(aws_iot_message_t& md)
{
    float setPoint; 
    aws_message_t &message = md.message;
    sscanf((char*)message.payload,"%f",&setPoint);
    tempSendUpdateSetpointF(setPoint);
}

void awsThread(void)
{
    AWSIoTClient client;
    AWSIoTEndpoint* ep = NULL;

    /* Initialize AWS Client library */
    AWSIoTClient AWSClient(wifi, "thermostat" , SSL_CLIENTKEY_PEM, strlen(SSL_CLIENTKEY_PEM), SSL_CLIENTCERT_PEM, strlen(SSL_CLIENTCERT_PEM));

    aws_connect_params conn_params = { 0,0,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL };
    ep = AWSClient.create_endpoint(AWS_TRANSPORT_MQTT_NATIVE, AWSIOT_ENDPOINT_ADDRESS, 8883, SSL_CA_PEM, strlen(SSL_CA_PEM));

    /* set MQTT connection parameters */
    conn_params.username = NULL;
    conn_params.password = NULL;
    conn_params.keep_alive = 60;
    conn_params.peer_cn = (uint8_t*) AWSIOT_ENDPOINT_ADDRESS;
    conn_params.client_id = (uint8_t*)"thermostat";

    /* connect to an AWS endpoint */
    AWSClient.connect (ep, conn_params);
 
    AWSClient.subscribe(ep, "setPoint", AWS_QOS_ATMOST_ONCE, messageArrived);
    aws_publish_params publish_params = { AWS_QOS_ATMOST_ONCE };
    
    bool doPublish=false;
    float currentTemp;
    while(1)
    {
        AWSClient.yield(1000);
        while(!queue.empty())
        {
            osEvent evt = queue.get(0);
            if (evt.status == osEventMessage) {
                msg_t *message = (msg_t*)evt.value.p;
                switch(message->cmd)
                {
                    case CMD_sendTemperature:
                        doPublish = true;
                        currentTemp = message->value;
                    break;

                }
                mpool.free(message);
            }
        }
        if(doPublish)
        {
            char buffer[128];
            sprintf(buffer,"%2.1f",currentTemp);
            AWSClient.publish(ep,"currentTemp", buffer, strlen(buffer),  publish_params);
        }
        doPublish = false;
    }
}

Modify temperatureThread.cpp

In order to use the new functionality in the awsThread you need to modify the temperatureThread.

First add the #include “awsThread.h” (so that it has access to the awsThread public interface):

#include "mbed.h"
#include "temperatureThread.h"
#include "displayThread.h"
#include "awsThread.h"

Each time the temperature changes send the awsThread the update.

        {
            readTemp();

            // Control the HVAC system with +- 0.5 degree of Hystersis
            if(temperatureF < setPoint - 0.5)
                displaySendUpdateMode(-1.0);
            else if (temperatureF > setPoint + 0.5)
                displaySendUpdateMode(1.0);
            else
                displaySendUpdateMode(0.0);

            displaySendUpdateTemp(temperatureF);
            awsSendUpdateTemperature(temperatureF);
        }

Build, Program and Test

In order to test this I log into the AWS Test Console, and subscribe to the currentTemp topic.  Notice that temperatures keep coming!

Summary

Register for my Virtual Training Workshop – IoT Design with Cypress PSoC® 6 MCUs and Wi-Fi/Bluetooth using Arm® Mbed™ on December, 9 at 1:00PM Eastern Time!  I will be live-streaming a complete IoT Design using PSoC and WiFi – live for your entertainment … and hopefully education.

Hello everyone.  This is lesson 0 of a series of 10 lessons about creating an IoT application using the Cypress PSoC 6 MCU & WiFi radios.  For this class I will be building the solution using the Arm Mbed OS development platform.  This will include Mbed Studio and Mbed OS.  And I will be using the CY8CPROTO-062-4343W dev kit which you can purchase from Mouser.  As always I will be writing this code live … no powerpoint.  This is always an adventure and should make for good fun for everyone.

I am going to start by showing you the development kit and demonstrating how to use it.  Then we will build up a complete IoT application that acts like a IoT-ified thermostat by reading and controlling temperature, plus connecting to the internet.

I will attempt to go slowly enough for you to follow along, but if I go too fast, don’t worry you should be able to follow along with the instructions on this website.  I have attempted to put in screen shots and step-by-step instructions.

Today’s virtual workshop has this agenda table which will show also show up on every page.  The links will work to take you through the different lessons.

IoT Design with Cypress PSoC® 6 MCUs and Wi-Fi/Bluetooth using Arm® Mbed™

You can “mbed import https://github.com/iotexpert/mouser-mbed-09.git“ to make a copy of the project in your workspace.

The final architecture of the thermostat looks like this.

You will need a few things for this class:

• Hardware:
  • CY8CPROTO-062-4343W
• Software (free):
  • ModusToolBox 2.0
  • Mbed Studio
  • Mbed CLI

CY8CPROTO-062-4343W

This development kit (which you can buy from Mouser here) has a bunch of features which we will be using including:

1. Programmer
2. PSoC 6 MCU
3. CYW4343W (WiFi Bluetooth combo chip)
4. CapSense
5. Thermistor
6. LED

ModusToolbox 2.0

ModusToolbox 2.0 is the Cypress multi-platform development tool suite.  It includes several IDEs, Graphical Chip configurators, SDKs for Bluetooth, WiFi and PSoC 6 MCUs.

Mbed Studio

Arm Mbed Studio is an IDE for developing Mbed OS programs that target the Cypress PSoC 6 MCU.

Mbed Command Line Interface

The Mbed CLI is a command line interface for building and programming Mbed OS projects onto the PSoC 6 MCU.